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MM: Fachverband Metall- und Materialphysik

MM 49: Topical Session Battery Materials I

MM 49.1: Topical Talk

Donnerstag, 25. März 2010, 10:15–10:45, H6

Mechanisms of intercalation, ionic motion and new metastable cathode materials — •Stanley Whittingham — SUNY, Binghamton, NY, USA

Intercalation is the predominant reaction mechanism in rechargeable batteries in use today. Intercalation processes, unlike conversion reactions, allow for fast ionic motion both on lithium insertion and lithium removal. Moreover the structural maintenance during reaction permits essentially unlimited cycling of the material.

Intercalation can occur within a single phase as originally demonstrated in titanium disulfide, or with the formation of a second phase, as demonstrated in vanadium diselenide, the manganese oxide spinels and most recently in the lithium iron phosphate olivine. Although two-phase reactions were thought to be rate-limiting, such is not necessarily the case.

Ionic motion will be compared in materials with different intercalation mechanisms, and for thermodynamically stable as well as metastable compounds. This work is being supported by the United States Department of Energy, Energy Frontier Research Center.