Regensburg 2010 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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TUT: Tutorials

TUT 3: Tutorial: Functional (oxide) single crystals and epitaxial films - from growth to function

TUT 3.1: Tutorium

Sonntag, 21. März 2010, 16:00–16:45, H4

Influence of ferroelectric phase transitions on the melt growth of bulk oxide crystals — •Manfred Mühlberg and Manfred Burianek — Universität zu Köln, Institut für Kristallographie, Zülpicher Str. 49 b, 50674 Köln

Various applications in electronics, linear and nonlinear optics and other fields are connected with components taken from bulk single crystals. Also the determination of several fundamental physical properties like dielectric constants, piezo- or pyroelectric tensor components requires single crystalline samples. To meet these requirements one is primarily concerned with obtaining crystals of predetermined size with a high degree of structural perfection and a well-determined chemical composition.

In this introductory lecture, the most important growth methods from the melt and from high temperature solutions will be presented focusing on examples of selected ferroelectric perovskites and tetragonal tungsten bronzes. The chemical and thermophysical properties of the multi-component materials also represented by phase diagrams determine the synthesis steps and the details of the growth process.

A short overview of the defect types depending on the material properties and growth parameters will be given. Some options for reducing the defect content and improving the crystalline quality are reported for potassium lithium niobate and calcium barium niobate. Finally, a special attention is focused on the types and the influence of ferroelectric phase transitions being occuring between the growth temperature and the crystalline state at room temperature.