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Dresden 2011 – scientific programme

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Q: Fachverband Quantenoptik und Photonik

Q 57: Poster 3: Quantengase, Ultrakalte Atome, Ultrakalte Moleküle, Materiewellen Optik, Präzisionsmessungen, Metrologie

Q 57.24: Poster

Thursday, March 17, 2011, 16:30–19:30, P1

Spontaneous Breaking of Spatial and Spin Symmetry in Spinor CondensatesManuel Scherer1, Bernd Lücke1, •Jan Peise1, Garu Gebreyesus2, Oliver Topic1, Frank Deuretzbacher2, Wolfgang Ertmer1, Luis Santos2, Jan Arlt3, and Carsten Klempt11Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany — 2Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany — 3QUANTOP, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Århus C, Denmark

Spin-changing collisions can be utilized as parametric amplification of quantum fluctuations, a fundamental mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking. We realize a parametric amplifier for spin modes by a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, resulting in a twofold spontaneous breaking of spatial and spin symmetry in the amplified clouds. Our experiment provides a precise analysis of the amplification of spatial Bessel-like modes, and a detailed understanding of the twofold symmetry breaking. On magnetic resonances that create vortex-antivortex superpositions, we demonstrate that the cylindrical spatial symmetry is spontaneously broken. However, spin symmetry is preserved as a consequence of phase squeezing. If nondegenerate spin modes contribute to the amplification, quantum interferences produce spin-dependent density profiles and lead to spontaneously formed patterns in the longitudinal magnetization.

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