Berlin 2015 – scientific programme
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 15: Posters: Multi-cellular systems
BP 15.5: Poster
Monday, March 16, 2015, 17:30–19:30, Poster A
Mechanics of Zebrafish doming — •Martin Bock1, Hitoshi Morita2, Carl-Philipp Heisenberg2, and Guillaume Salbreux1 — 1MPI-PKS, Dresden, Germany — 2ISTA, Klosterneuburg, Austria
On the timescale of embryo development, cell rearrangements can allow for stress relaxation so that the tissue may behave as a fluid-like material. Accordingly, surface tensions and tissue flow are essential to establish the shape of organisms. Here we ask how flows during Zebrafish dome formation can be understood quantitatively by describing embryonic tissues as a fluid, active material.
In early Zebrafish morphogenesis, approximately 25% of the embryo volume is occupied by the blastoderm, a 3D sheet of cells, while the remaining 75% comprise the nourishing, bag-like yolk. The two of them juxtapose in such a way that the overall embryo shape is approximately spherical. During the subsequent doming process, the blastoderm thins and starts to spread over the yolk, whereas the yolk bulges upwards into the blastoderm, in a characteristic dome-like shape.
In my presentation, I will describe a physical model of dome formation incorporating surface tensions and bulk stresses, and compare our predictions to experimental data on wildtype embryos and mutants with partially defective doming.