Berlin 2015 – scientific programme
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 19: Multi-cellular systems
BP 19.11: Talk
Tuesday, March 17, 2015, 12:30–12:45, H 1058
Experiments and Model: Buckling instability of Regenerating Tissues — •Benjamin Friedrich3, Hans Kubitschke2, and Claus Fütterer1 — 1Translational Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig and Biophysical Tools GmbH, Leipzig, Germany — 2Experimentalphysik I, Universität leipzig, Leipzig, Germany — 3Max-Planck Institut für die Physik komplexer Systeme, Dresden, Germany
We propose tissue toroids as an ideal minimal model geometry to quantitatively study regeneration, morphogenesis and wound healing. It minimizes nutrient depletion effects which can even lead to necrosis. We report experiments with Hydra vulgaris epithelium revealing that tissue rings fold by an original mechanism. This is accompanied by a highly self-organized acto-myosin string spanning along the inner side of the toroid. This folding initiates a transition to a spherical shape and the full regeneration of viable organism. We propose a minimal theoretical description that conceptualizes this mechanical transition in terms of a buckling instability of the tissue torus driven by active mechanical forces. We predict a critical contractility threshold, in agreement with our experimental observations. This versatile model system allows to study and understand morphological transitions in a well defined minimal set-up.