Berlin 2015 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik

BP 36: Cell adhesion, mechanics and migration II

BP 36.11: Vortrag

Mittwoch, 18. März 2015, 18:00–18:15, H 1058

Stress induced collective cell migration in epithelial sheets — •Michael Köpf — Departement de Physique, Ecole Normale Superieure Paris, France

Stress normal to the boundary of an epithelial sheet can arise in constrained and unconstrained cell layers through pushing and pulling of surrounding tissue and wettability of the substrate, respectively. A continuum model describes the epithelium as a polarizable and chemo-mechanically interacting layer under the influence of such stresses. This model links the experimentally observed formation of finger-like protrusions at the edge of unconstrained spreading cell monolayers to substrate wettability [1]. Statistics of the velocity orientation shows a strong alignment in the fingers opposed to an isotropic distribution in the bulk, in agreement with measurements by Reffay et al [2]. The model further exhibits a stress accumulation within the tissue that proceeds in form of a mechanical wave, starting at the wound edge [3].

Additionally, four types of spreading and motility can identified, depending on the normal stress at the boundaries: Uniform deformation, non-uniform deformation, uniform gliding and peristaltic (*worm-like*) progression. Analytical and numerical solutions are presented along with bifurcation diagrams using normal stress and active force as control parameters [4].

[1] Köpf, Pismen, Soft Matter 9 (2013) 3727-3734

[2] Reffay et al., Biophysical Journal 100 (2011) 2566-2575

[3] Serra-Picamal et al., Nature Physics 8 (2012) 628-634

[4] Köpf (2014) in preparation