Berlin 2015 – scientific programme
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 49: Molecular motors
BP 49.3: Talk
Thursday, March 19, 2015, 17:30–17:45, H 1028
Control of cytoplasmic dynein force production and processivity by its C-terminal domain — Matthew Nicholas1, Peter Höök2, Sibylle Brenner1, Caitlin Lazar3, Richard Vallee3, and •Arne Gennerich1 — 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10128 — 2University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 — 3Columbia Uuniversity, New York, NY 10032
Cytoplasmic dynein is a microtubule motor involved in cargo transport, nuclear migration and cell division. Despite structural conservation of the dynein motor domain from yeast to higher eukaryotes, the extensively studied S. cerevisiae dynein behaves distinctly from mammalian dyneins, which produce far less force and travel over shorter distances. However, isolated reports of yeast-like force production by mammalian dynein have called interspecies differences into question. We report that functional differences between yeast and mammalian dynein are real and attributable to a C-terminal motor element absent in yeast, which resembles a "cap" over the central pore of the mammalian dynein motor domain. Removal of this cap increases the force generation of rat dynein from 1 pN to a yeast-like 6 pN and greatly increases its travel distance. Our findings identify the CT-cap as a novel regulator of dynein function.