Regensburg 2019 – wissenschaftliches Programm

Bereiche | Tage | Auswahl | Suche | Aktualisierungen | Downloads | Hilfe

BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik

BP 31: Cell adhesion and migration, multicellular systems II

BP 31.7: Vortrag

Freitag, 5. April 2019, 11:15–11:30, H10

Efficient outgrowth of primordia is mechanically driven — •Jason Khadka, Jean-Daniel Julien, and Karen Alim — Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany

Morphogenesis of plants and animal often emerges from mechanical moulding and deformations. Yet, how precisely cells as individual mechanical entities can act to shape a tissue reliably and efficiently in three dimensions is still puzzling. In plants, the mechanics of cells within a tissue is particularly well defined as individual cell growth is essentially mechanical yielding of cell-wall in response to internal turgor pressure. Most intriguingly, cell-wall stiffness is controlled by biological signalling and is observed to respond to mechanical stresses building up within a tissue. What is the role of such a mechanical feedback during morphing in three dimensions? Here, we propose a three dimensional vertex model to investigate tissue mechanics at the onset of organ outgrowth at the tip of a plant shoot. We find that organ height is primarily governed by the ratio of growth rates of faster growing cells initiating the organ to slower growing tissue cells surrounding them. Remarkably, the outgrowth rate is more efficient when cells can remodel their cell-wall stiffness in response to the tissue-wide mechanical stresses. Our quantitative analysis of simulation data shows that the feedback acts by not only modulating cell growth by reorganising walls but also by changing the stress pattern within the tissue promoting organ outgrowth.