Dresden 2020 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik

BP 23: Focus: Physics of Stem Cells

BP 23.3: Vortrag

Mittwoch, 18. März 2020, 10:00–10:30, ZEU 250

Competition for stem cell fate determinants as a mechanism for tissue homeostasis — •David J. Jörg^1,2, Yu Kitadate^3,4, Shosei Yoshida^3,4, and Benjamin D. Simons^1,2,5 — ¹Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK — ²Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK — ³Division of Germ Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan — ⁴Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Okazaki, Japan — ⁵Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK

Stem cells maintain tissues by generating differentiated cell types while simultaneously self-renewing their own population. The mechanisms that allow stem cell populations to control their density, maintain robust homeostasis and recover from injury remain elusive. Motivated by recent experimental advances, here we develop a robust mechanism of stem cell self-renewal based on competition for diffusible fate determinants. We show that the mechanism is characterized by signature dynamic and statistical properties, from stem cell density fluctuations and transient large-scale oscillation dynamics during recovery, to scaling clonal dynamics and front-like boundary propagation. We suggest that competition for fate determinants provides a generic mechanism by which stem cells can self-organize to achieve density homeostasis in an open niche environment.