Dresden 2020 – scientific programme
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SOE: Fachverband Physik sozio-ökonomischer Systeme
SOE 15: Traffic, Urban and Regional Systems I
SOE 15.3: Talk
Thursday, March 19, 2020, 13:00–13:15, GÖR 226
Intrinsic inefficiencies in on-demand ride-hailing — Philip Marszal1, •Malte Schröder1, Debsankha Manik2, and Marc Timme1 — 1Chair for Network Dynamics, Institute for Theoretical Physics and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), TU Dresden — 2Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen
Efficient mobility services constitute essential prerequisites for making cities sustainable, both economically and ecologically. Widespread accessibility to mobile communication has given rise to a number of new ride-hailing services. Yet, many services, in particular classic taxis, still operate based on first-come-first-served basis. Combining a statistical physics analysis with data-driven modeling, we demonstrate the intrinsic inefficiency of such a service. Given a fixed number of taxis, the system can handle only a limited number of requests. Once this capacity is reached, the system not only overloads, it also stays overloaded until the request rate decreases substantially below the onset rate of overload. This hysteresis effectively reduces the capacity of the service by up to 50% compared to ideal operation. We illustrate how both, clever route pre-planning and including ride-sharing, remove this inefficiency and may contribute to fair and efficient mobility in the future.