BPCPPDYSOE21 – scientific programme
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 9: Systems Biology II
BP 9.3: Talk
Monday, March 22, 2021, 14:50–15:10, BPc
Plasticity in vertex model of epithelial tissues — •Marko Popović1,2, Valentin Druelle1,3, Natalie Dye4,5, Frank Julicher2,5, and Matthieu Wyart1 — 1Institue of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland — 2Max Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany — 3Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelberstrasse 70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland — 4Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 10307 Dresden, Germany — 5Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
Developing tissues are often described as viscoelastic liquids. However, tissues can also be plastic and respond elastically to stresses below the critical value, while flowing plastically at higher stresses. Plasticity is exhibited by a wide class of amorphous solids such as colloidal gels, emulsions, and foams where it corresponds to a yielding transition. Are features of yielding transition, such as dependence on system preparation and non-linear rheology, relevant in developing tissues? Motivated by similarities of disordered tissues and amorphous solids we study the plasticity of the vertex model of epithelial tissues, where the mechanical properties of cells are prescribed and tissue mechanics is obtained from their collective behavior. We describe the mechanics of T1 transitions, which are the elementary plastic events in epithelial tissues. We find that interactions between T1 transitions are analogous to those of particle rearrangements in amorphous solids and our simulations suggest that the vertex model belongs to the same class of universality.