Regensburg 2022 – wissenschaftliches Programm
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 22: Migration and Multicellular Systems
BP 22.4: Vortrag
Donnerstag, 8. September 2022, 10:30–10:45, H15
Rotation of an aspherical organoid within its matrix - a continuum model — •Anne Materne1, Charlie Duclut1,2, and Frank Jülicher1,3,4 — 1Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany — 2Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Paris, France — 3Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany — 4Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Germany
Organoids and other 3D in vitro multicellular systems have frequently been observed to display rotational motion within their matrix. Collective rotational motion can also be witnessed in vivo, for example in the Drosophila egg chamber. We propose that this motion results from cell-matrix interactions. Cells are thought to move similarly to 2D migration - however, a (near-)spherical geometry of cell clusters can lead to the observed rotation in 3D. Here, we present a continuum mechanics descripion of an organoid rotating within its embedding matrix. We discuss the extreme cases of the matrix being either purely elastic or purely viscous. The organoid is considered to be a non-deformable solid with a surface polarity field, exerting traction forces on the matrix. Importantly, our study is not limited to perfectly spherical organoids but takes small shape deformations into account. This permits to distinguish between purely rotational and deformation-induced cell-matrix interactions. Our work clarifies how matrix material properties and cellular traction forces enable collective organoid rotation. Reciprocally, the rotating organoid can serve as an active rheology probe, revealing key information about the matrix properties.