SAMOP 2023 – scientific programme

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Q: Fachverband Quantenoptik und Photonik

Q 56: Quantum Gases: Fermions II

Q 56.2: Talk

Thursday, March 9, 2023, 14:45–15:00, F342

Correlations in ultracold few-fermion systems revealed by matterwave microscopy — •Keerthan Subramanian, Sandra Brandstetter, Carl Heintze, Marvin Holten, Philipp Lunt, Luca Bayha, Philipp Preiss, and Selim Jochim — Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Germany

The ability to image individual quantum particles has provided unprecedented access to microscopic correlations in few and many-body ultracold quantum systems. Recent advances in momentum space microscopy of continuous systems have revealed how Pauli blocking leads to fermionic antibunching and formation of cooper pairs in mesoscopic 2D fermi gases in the vicinity of a phase transition precursor.

Microscopy is inherently limited by optical resolution and this prevents direct imaging in position space when interparticle spacing is smaller than the resolution limit. Here we circumvent this limit by magnifying the many-body wavefunction using matterwave techniques prior to imaging the system thereby giving us access to particle correlations in position space. We use this technique to probe correlations in two paradigmatic models consisting of an equal or unequal number of spin components. A spin-balanced system shows a tendency towards short distance correlations with increasing interaction strengths. The opposite limit of a strongly interacting single impurity in a Fermi gas is also explored which is prepared using radio frequency transfer with motional state resolution. As the interaction strength in the system is increased the impurity preferentially binds to one of the majority atoms as revealed by higher-order correlations.