SKM 2023 – scientific programme
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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik
BP 11: Poster Session I
BP 11.57: Poster
Tuesday, March 28, 2023, 12:30–15:30, P1
Mitochondrial dynamics control cellular anti-viral responses in the innate immune system — •Felix J. Meigel1 and Steffen Rulands2, 1, 3 — 1MPI for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany — 2Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany — 3Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Germany
The inflammation response of mammalian cells to infection with RNA viruses (e.g. coronaviruses or influenza A) is mediated by the signaling pathway around the protein MAVS. For an efficient inflammation response, MAVS proteins need to form large homo-oligomers on the mitochondrial membrane. Here, we discuss how mitochondrial fusion and fission assists the formation of large membrane-bound protein aggregates by inducing density fluctuations among mitochondria. We demonstrate how the dynamic compartmentalization of the protein aggregation dynamics by steady organelle fusion and fission qualitatively alters the extreme value statistics of the aggregate size distribution beyond a limit set by the Vigil-Ziff criterion. We develop a thermodynamic framework, that allows us to asses under which conditions dynamic compartmentalization affects the aggregate size distribution and facilitates the formation of large aggregates. In this work, we not only emphasize the importance of mitochondrial dynamics for efficient immune responses but also introduce a framework to discuss the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of multi-scale systems in the context of dynamic compartmentalization.