SKM 2023 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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BP: Fachverband Biologische Physik

BP 25: Cell Mechanics II

BP 25.8: Vortrag

Donnerstag, 30. März 2023, 17:00–17:15, BAR Schö

Dyneins, unite! How a weak motor protein can drive efficient transport of large cargoes — •Simon Wieland^1,2, Christina Steininger¹, David E. Gitschier¹, Marius M. Kaiser¹, Wolfgang Gross¹, Abdullah R. Chaudhary³, Jana Ritschar⁴, Christian Laforsch², Adam G. Hendricks³, and Holger Kress¹ — ¹Biological Physics, University of Bayreuth, Germany — ²Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, Germany — ³Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada — ⁴Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, University of Bayreuth, Germany

To promote robust transport of organelles, dyneins need to work together to overcome intracellular drag forces and opposing forces of kinesins. However, current models of dynein cooperativity cannot explain how dyneins produce very high forces to power transport of large organelles with diameters of several microns. Here, we show that many dynein teams interact with multiple microtubules to drive efficient transport of large organelles. We measured retrograde transport forces of phagosomes with diameters of 1-5 μm. These forces were adapted to the cytoplasmic viscosity, enabling equally fast transport of all phagosomes. Furthermore, we labeled and quantified dyneins on isolated phagosomes. By modeling the distribution of microtubules around the phagosomes we linked the observed transport forces to the corresponding dynein numbers. We show that both dynein's cooperativity and size-dependent interactions of organelles with microtubules contribute to the production of high collective transport forces.