SKM 2023 – wissenschaftliches Programm
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SOE: Fachverband Physik sozio-ökonomischer Systeme
SOE 15: Networks: From Topology to Dynamics III (joint session SOE/DY)
SOE 15.1: Vortrag
Donnerstag, 30. März 2023, 10:00–10:15, ZEU 260
Understanding Braess' Paradox in power grids — •Benjamin Schäfer1, Thiemo Pesch2, Debsankha Manik3, Julian Gollenstede4, Guosong Lin4, Hans-Peter Beck4, Dirk Witthaut2, and Marc Timme5,3 — 1Karlsruhe Institute of Technology — 2Forschungszentrum Jülich — 3Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization — 4Clausthal University of Technology — 5Technical University of Dresden
The ongoing energy transition requires power grid extensions to connect renewable generators to consumers and to transfer power among distant areas. The process of grid extension requires a large investment of resources and is supposed to make grid operation more robust. Yet, counter-intuitively, increasing the capacity of existing lines or adding new lines may also reduce the overall system performance and even promote blackouts due to Braess' paradox. Braess' paradox was theoretically modeled but not yet proven in realistically scaled power grids. Here, we present an experimental setup demonstrating Braess' paradox in an AC power grid and show how it constrains ongoing large-scale grid extension projects. We present a topological theory that reveals the key mechanism and predicts Braessian grid extensions from the network structure. These results offer a theoretical method to understand and practical guidelines in support of preventing unsuitable infrastructures and the systemic planning of grid extensions.