SKM 2023 – scientific programme

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SOE: Fachverband Physik sozio-ökonomischer Systeme

SOE 23: Economic Models

SOE 23.3: Talk

Friday, March 31, 2023, 11:30–11:45, ZEU 260

Regulatory Changes in Power Systems Explored with Explainable Artificial Intelligence — •Sebastian Pütz, Johannes Kruse, Dirk Witthaut, Veit Hagenmeyer, and Benjamin Schäfer — Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany

A stable supply of electrical energy is essential for the functioning of our society. Therefore, the electrical power grid's operation and energy and balancing markets are subject to strict regulations. As the external technical, economic, or social influences on the power grid change, these regulations must also be constantly adapted. However, whether these regulatory changes lead to the intended results is not easy to assess. Could eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) models distinguish regulatory settings and support the understanding of the effects of these changes? In this article, we explore two examples of regulatory changes in the German energy markets for bulk electricity and for reserve power. We explore the splitting of the German-Austrian bidding zone and changes in the pricing schemes of the German balancing energy market. We find that boosted tree models and feedforward neural networks before and after a regulatory change differ in their respective parameterizations. Using Shapley additive explanations, we reveal model differences, e.g. in terms of feature importances, and identify key features of these distinct models. With this study, we demonstrate how XAI can be applied to investigate system changes in power systems.