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QI: Fachverband Quanteninformation
QI 29: Quantum Information: Concept and Methods II
QI 29.2: Talk
Thursday, March 21, 2024, 15:15–15:30, HFT-TA 441
Experiments to refute real quantum mechanics suffer from the entanglement loophole — •Pedro Barrios1,2, Michael Epping1, Dagmar Bruß2, and Hermann Kampermann2 — 1Institute for Software Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany — 2Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
Complex numbers are used extensively in quantum mechanics. The question of whether they are merely helpful or indeed necessary in the formalism is still unresolved. There have been many successful attempts of formulations using real numbers only [PRL 102 020505 (2009)]. Nevertheless, a particular Bell-type experiment has been proposed [Nature 600, 625 (2021)], where a certain class of theories of real quantum mechanics fails to reproduce the predictions of standard quantum theory, thereby falsifying these theories. However, we show that this result suffers from the following loophole, which cannot be closed in practice: If the involved parties initially share entanglement, then the experiment can be explained with real numbers only. Therefore, experimentally, both formulations are still undistinguishable.
Keywords: Real quantum mechanics; Bell experiment; Entanglement loophole