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SOE: Fachverband Physik sozio-ökonomischer Systeme
SOE 4: Collective Dynamics
SOE 4.3: Vortrag
Montag, 18. März 2024, 15:30–15:45, MA 001
Context-dependent self-tuning of distance to criticality in large fish shoals — •Yunus Sevinchan1,2, David Bierbach1,3, Carla Vollmoeller1,2, Korbinian Pacher3, Jens Krause1,3, and Pawel Romanczuk1,2 — 1Science of Intelligence, TU Berlin — 2Institute for Theoretical Biology, HU Berlin — 3Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin
Collective biological systems – such as animal groups or neuronal networks – are presumed to operate at or near critical points at which they exhibit maximal sensitivity towards environmental cues.
We have studied large fish shoals of sulphur mollies (Poecilia sulphuraria) in their natural ecosystem in Southern Mexico, which perform collective diving cascades as a response to predation resulting in wave-like patterns on the water surface. We previously found these shoals to operate close to criticality. However, it remains an open question by which mechanisms they adapt to variations in their biotic and abiotic environment while balancing the trade-off between sensitivity and robustness towards external cues.
By analyzing a large video dataset of surface waves originating in response to synthetic stimuli or bird attacks, we relate wave characteristics to the macroscopic state of the shoal and its environment (e.g. physico-chemical water parameters). With these empirical observations informing an agent-based model, we further study possible mechanisms for self-tuning of distance to criticality. Our results help to better understand how changes in individual-level behavior enable collective-level adaptations to varying ecological contexts.
Keywords: Collective Behaviour; Collective Information Processing; Self-organized Criticality; Animal Collectives; Agent-based Modelling