Freiburg 2024 – scientific programme

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A: Fachverband Atomphysik

A 40: Ultra-cold Atoms, Ions and BEC V (joint session A/Q)

A 40.3: Talk

Friday, March 15, 2024, 15:00–15:15, HS 1010

In-Situ Observation of Antibunching at the Single-Atom Level in a Continuous Fermi Gas — •Tim de Jongh, Maxime Dixmerias, Joris Verstraten, Cyprien Daix, Bruno Peaudecerf, and Tarik Yefsah — Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, France

Fermionic systems adhere to Pauli Exclusion, one of the most fundamental principles of quantum mechanics that prevents identical fermions from occupying the same quantum state. This leads to an antibunching of particles which manifests itself in density-density correlations and sub-Poissonian number fluctuations. Here we present the direct, in situ observation of antibunching at the single-atom level. Using a newly developed Lithium 6 quantum gas microscope devoted to the study of continuous many-body systems, we probe both the density correlations and number fluctuations in an ultracold two-dimensional, non-interacting Fermi Gas in continuous space. For these highly degenerate gases, we observe distinct antibunching behavior in the density correlations as well as a clear suppression of the number fluctuations in the gas. The ability to distinguish the quantum fluctuation (zero temperature) contribution and the thermal contribution, allows us to use the fluctuation-dissipation theorem to extract the temperature of these samples from the number fluctuations, offering a direct thermometry method for single-atom imaging techniques. These results represent the first application of a quantum gas microscope to a many-body system in continuous space and offer the perspective to probe strongly interacting Fermi gases in free space at an unprecedented length scale.

Keywords: Quantum Gas Microscope; Ultracold Fermions; BEC-BCS Crossover; Quantum Simulation