Freiburg 2024 – scientific programme
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Q: Fachverband Quantenoptik und Photonik
Q 29: Photonics
Q 29.2: Talk
Wednesday, March 13, 2024, 11:15–11:30, HS 1221
Overview of waveguides based on Pancharatnam-Berry Phase — •Stree Vithya Arumugam1, Chandroth P Jisha1, Alessandro Alberucci1, and Stefan Nolte1,2 — 1Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Applied Physics, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 07745, Jena, Germany — 2Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
Dielectric optical waveguides utilize refractive-index modulation to confine light by manipulating the dynamic phase gained across the beam cross-section. Recently, it was shown that waveguides based on the Pancharatnam-Berry phase (PBP) can guide light without any transverse refractive-index gradient. A PBP waveguide is realizable in an anisotropic material, if a point-dependent rotation of the optic axis across the transverse plane is accompanied by a periodic rotation along the propagation direction. Ideally, the modulation period must be synchronized with the natural rotation of light polarization to permit a net accumulation of PBP: in this case a spin-dependent effective trapping potential proportional to the rotation axis emerges.
Here, we theoretically investigate the properties of the PBP waveguide addressing the robustness of the confinement in the presence of a mismatch between the birefringence length and the modulation period. In the spatial domain, such a mismatch provides an additional degree of freedom in controlling the polarization structure of the quasi-modes. In the temporal domain, the PBP waveguides exhibit a higher optical dispersion than GRIN waveguides due to the inherent resonance condition.
Keywords: Pancharatnam-Berry Phase; Spin-orbit Photonics; Optical Waveguides