Regensburg 2025 – wissenschaftliches Programm
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DY: Fachverband Dynamik und Statistische Physik
DY 9: Statistical Physics far from Thermal Equilibrium
DY 9.10: Vortrag
Montag, 17. März 2025, 17:45–18:00, H47
Nonequilibrium shortcuts and anomalous thermal relaxations: the Mpemba effect — •Gianluca Teza1, John Bechhoefer2, Antonio Lasanta3, Oren Raz4, and Marija Vucelja5 — 1Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany — 2Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada — 3Universidad de Granada, Ceuta, Spain — 4Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel — 5University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
Most of our intuition about the behavior of physical systems is shaped by observations at or near thermal equilibrium. However, even a phenomenon as basic as a thermal quench leads to states far from any thermal equilibrium, where counterintuitive effects can occur. A prime example of anomalous thermal relaxation is the Mpemba effect, a phenomenon in which a hot system cools down faster than an equivalent colder one. Although originally witnessed in water, perspectives towards the design of optimal heating/cooling protocols and observations in a variety of systems pushed the development of a high-level characterization in the framework of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. In this talk, I will review the phenomenology of this and related anomalous relaxation effects, in which nonmonotonic relaxation times act as the common denominator. With a focus on Ising systems, I will provide insight on the physical mechanisms that enable their emergence. I will show how they can survive arbitrarily weak couplings, highlighting the role played by equilibrium and dynamical features, as well as experimental observation of these effects in quantum simulators.
Keywords: Mpemba Effect; Nonequilibrium shortcuts; Anomalous Relaxation Phenomena; Quantum simulators