Regensburg 2025 – wissenschaftliches Programm

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SYED: Symposium Physics of Embryonic Development Across Scales: From DNA to Organisms

SYED 1: Physics of Embryonic Development Across Scales: From DNA to Organisms

SYED 1.4: Hauptvortrag

Montag, 17. März 2025, 11:15–11:45, H1

Control of lumen geometry and topology by the interplay between pressure and cell proliferation rate — •Anne Grapin-Botton¹, Byung Ho Lee¹, Masaki Sano^2,5, Daniel Riveline³, Kana Fuji², and Tetsuya Hiraiwa^2,4 — ¹Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden — ²The University of Tokyo — ³IGBMC, Strasbourg — ⁴Academia Sinica, Taipei — ⁵Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Many organs in multicellular organisms comprise epithelia which enclose fluid-filled cavities referred to as lumens. Their formation is regulated by a wide range of processes, including polarization, secretion, exocytosis and actomyosin contractility. While these mechanisms have shed light on lumen growth, what controls lumen morphology remains enigmatic. Here we use organoids to explore how lumens acquire either a spherical shape or a branched topology. We develop a multicellular phase field model with the following basic components: conditions for the timing and volume of cell division, lumen nucleation rules, and lumenal pressure. Combining computational simulations with experimental measurements we reveal that lumen morphology arises from the balance between the cell cycle duration and lumen pressure, with more complex lumen at low pressure and fast proliferation rates. Moreover, the perturbation of proliferation and lumen pressure in silico and in vitro is sufficient to alter and reverse the morphological trajectories of the lumens. We further show that low pressure depends on epithelial permeability enabling complex lumen shapes.

Keywords: hydraulics; organoid; osmotic pressure; phase field; fluid mechanics